原虫 Protozoa
Medical Protozoa
一、Protozoa: unicellular animals; Microscopic in size; have all necessary life activities.
二、Taxonomy
Kingdom: Protista>Subkingdom:Protozoa
| Phylum: | Class | Genera: |
|---|---|---|
| Sarcomastigophora | Zoomastigophora | Trypanosoma, Leishmania, Giardia, Trichomonas |
| Lobosea | Entamoeba, Naegleria, Acanthamoeba | |
| Apicomplexa | Sporozoea | Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, Cryptosporidium, Isospora |
| Ciliophora | Kinetofragminophorea | Balantidium |
三、Basic structure 1 Cell membrane 2 Cytoplasm organelles: pseudopodium(-dia-amoeba); flagellum(-lla-flagellate); cilium(cilia-ciliate) 3 Nucleus: two kinds of nuclei: vesicular; compact
四、Characteristics of Pathogenesis 1 proliferation 2 Diffusion (disperse ) 3 Opportunistic parasitosis
五、Ecological Niches in the Human Body: Skin: Leishmania Eye: Acanthamoeba Mouth: Amoebae and flagellates (usually non-pathogenic) Gut: Giardia, Entamoeba (and invasion to liver), Cryptosporidium, Isospora, Balantidium G.U. tract: Trichomonas Bloodstream: Plasmodium, Trypanosoma Spleen: Leishmania Liver: Leishmania, Entamoeba Muscle: Trypanosoma cruzi CNS: Trypanosoma, Naegleria, Toxoplasma, Plasmodium
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